Year

Name

work

1901

J.H.vant Hoff

Discovery of the laws of chemical dynamic? and osmotic pressure in solutions.

1902

1901

E .Fischer

Sugar and purine syntheses.

1903

S.Arrhenius

Electrolytic theory of dissociation.

1904

W.ramsay

Discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air and their place in the periodic system.

1905

A.Von.Baeyer

Advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industtry through work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds.

1906

H.Moissan

Isolation of the element fluorine and development of the electric furnace.

1907

E.Buchner

Biochemical researches and the discovery of cell-freefermention.

1908

E.Ratherford

Investigations into the disintegration of the elements and the chemistry of radiactive substances.

1909

W.Ostwald

Work on catalysis and investigations into the fundamental principlesgoverning chemical equilibria rates of reaction.

1910

O.Wallach

Pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds.

1911

Marie Curie

Discovery of the elementsradium and polonium, theisolation of radium, and the stydy of thenature and compounds of this remarkable element.

1912

V.Grignard

P.sabatier

Discovery of the Grignard reagent.

Method of hydro genating organic compounds in the presece? of finely disintegrated metals.

1913

A.Werner

Work on the linkage of atoms in molecules which has throwm new light on earlier investigations and opened? up new fileds of research especially in inorganic chemistry.

1914

T.W.Richards

Accurate determination of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements.

1915

R.Willstatter

Plant pigments, especially chlorlphyll.

1916

Not awarded

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1917

Not awarded

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1918

F.Haber

The synthesis of ammonia from its elements.

1919

Not awarded

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1920

W.Nernst

Work in thermochemistry.

1921

F.Soddy

Contributions to knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances and investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes.

1922

F.W.Aston

Discovery,by means of the mass spectrograph of isotopes in a number of non radioactive elements and for enunciation of the whole number rule.

1923

F.Pregl

Invention of the method of microanalysis of oganic substances.

1924

Not award

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1925

R.Zsigmondy

Demmonstration of the heterogeneous nature of colloid solutions by methods which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry.

1926

T.Svedberg

Work on disperse systems.

1927

H.Wieland

Constitution of the bile acid and related substances.

1928

A.Windaus

Constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins.

1929

A.Harden

Investigations on thefermentation of sugarsand fermentative enzymes.

1930

H.Fischer

The costitution of haemin??????? and chlorophyll and especially for the synthesis of haemin.

1931

C.Bosch? F.Bergius

The invention and development of chemical high pressure methods.

1932

I.Langmuir

Discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry.

1933

Not awarded

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1934

H.C.Urey

Discovery of heavy hydrogen.

1935

F.Joliot

Irene Joliot-Curie

Synthesis of new radioactive element

1936

P.Debye

Contributions to knowledge of molecular structure through investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of x-rays and electrons in gases.

1937

W.N.Haworth

P.Karrer

Investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C .

Investigations of carotenoids,vitamins A andB2

1938

R.Kuhn

Work on carotenoids and vitamins.

1939

A.F.J.Butenandt()

L.Ruzicka

Work on sexhormones.

1940

Not awarded

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1941

Not awarded

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1942

Not awarded

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1943

G.Hevesy

Use ofisotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes.

1944

O.Hahn

Discovery of the fissionof havy nuclei.

1945

A.J.Virtanen

Research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry ,especially fodder preservation.

1946

J.B.Sumner

J.H.Northrop and W.M.Stanley

Discovery that enzymes can be crystallized.

1947

R.Robinson

Investigations on especially the alkaloids.

1948

A.W.K.Tiselius

Electrophoresis andadsorption analysis, especially for discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serumproteins.

1949

W.F.Giauque

Contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures.

1950

O.Diels

Discovery and development of the diene synthesis.

1951

E.M.McMillan

G.T.Seaborg

Discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements.

1952

A.J.P.Martin

Invention of partition chromatography.

1953

H.Staudinger

Discoveries in thefield of macomolecular chemistry.

1954

L.Pauling,

Research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to??

1955

V.du Vigneaud

Biocemically important sulfur compounds.

1956

C.N.Hinshelwood

N.N.Semenov

The mechanism of chemical reactions.

1957

A.Todd

Nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes.

1958

F.Sanger

The structure of proteins.

1959

J.Heyrovsky

Discovery and development of the polarographic method of analysis.

1960

W.f.Libby

Use of carbon 14 for age deermination in archeology,geology,geophysics and??

1961

M.Calvin

Research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants.

1962

J.C.Kendrew

M.f.Perutz

The structures of globular proeins.

1963

K.Ziegler

The chemistry and technology of high polymers.

1964

Dorothy Crowfool Hodgkin

Determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical subestances.

1965

R.B.Woodwar

Outstanding achievements in organic synthesis.

1966

R.S.Mulliken

Fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and?.

1967

M.Eigen(Gottingen)&R.G.W.Norris

(Cambridge)&G.Poter

Studies o extremly fast? chemical reaction.

1968

L.Onsager

Thermodynamics.

1969

O.hassel(Oslo)&D.H.R.Barton

Development of the concept of conformation and itsapplication in chemistry.

1970

L.F.Leloir

Discovery of sugar nucleotides.

1971

G.Herzberg

Contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geomety of molecules,?.

1972

C.B.Anfinsen

S.Moore&W.H.Stein

Concerning the connection between amino asid sequence and the biologically active conformation.

Contributions to the understandingbof the connection between chemical structureband catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule.

1973

E.O.Fischer

G.Wilkinson

Pioneering work ,performed independently,on the chemistry of the organometallic so- called sandwich compounds.

1974

P.J.Flory

Fundamental achievements both theoretical and experimental in the physical chemistry of macromolecules.

1975

J.W.Cornforth

Astereochemistry of enzyme-catalysed reactions.

1976

W.N.Lipscomb

Studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding.

1977

I.Prigogine

Thermodynamics.

1978

P.Mitchell

Contributions to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory.

1979

H.C.Brown

G.Witting

For their development of boron and phosphorus compounds?..

1980

P.Berg

The biochemistry of nucleic acids?.

1981

W.Gilbert

F.Sanger

Quantum mechanical studies of chemical reactivity.

1982

K.*****ui

R.Hoffmann

Development of crystallographic electron microscopy and the structural elucidation of biologically important nuclei acid-protein complexes.

1983

H.Taube

Mechanisms of electron transfer reactions of metal complexes.

1984

R.B.Merrifield

Development of methodologynfor the synthesis of peptides on a solid matrix.

1985

H.A.Hauptman

J.Karle

Outstandingachievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures.

1986

D.R.Herschbach

Y.T.Lee

J.C.Polanyi

Contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes.

1987

D.J.Cram

J.M.Lehn

C.J.Pedersen

For their development and use of molecules with structure specific interactionsof high selectivity.

1988

j.Deisenhofer

R.Huber

H.Michel

Determination of the tree dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre

1989

S.Altman

Discovery of the catalytic properties centre.

1990

E.J.Corey

Development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis.

1991

R.R.Ernest

Contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nmr spectroscopy.

1992

R.A.Marcus

Contributions to the theory of electrons transfer reactions in chemical systems.

1993

K.B.Mullis

For his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based ,site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies.

1994

G.A.Olah

Contributions to carbocation chemistry.

1995

P.Crutzen

M.Molina(Massachusets Institute of Tecnology)

F.S.Rowland

Work in atmospheric chemistry. Particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone.

1996

R.F.Curl

H.krot

Discovery of a new form of carbons, the fullerenes.

1997

P.D.Boyer

J.Walker

J.C.Skou

their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

he first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+-ATPase.

1998

W.Kohn

J.Pople

development of the density-functional theory

development of computational methods in quantum chemistry.

1999

A.zewail

studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy.

2000

A.J.Heeger

A.G.Macdiarmid

H.Shirakawa

discovery and development of conductive polymers.

2001

W.S.Knowles

?K.B.Sharpless

R.Noyori

for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions

his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions

2002

J.B.Fenn

K.Tanaka

K.Wuthrich

development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution.

2003

P.Agre

R.Mackinnon

 the discovery of water channels

for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels.

2004

A.Ciechanover

A.Hershko

I.Roze

discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation

2005